| IPv4 Addressing and Subnetting — block-size method, VLSM, CIDR | chapter-1---network-fundamentals/ipv4-addressing-and-subnetting | | Switching Concepts — CAM table, forwarding behaviors, duplex, MAC flooding | chapter-1---network-fundamentals/switching-concepts | | TCP and UDP — three-way handshake, windowing, port numbers, use cases | chapter-1---network-fundamentals/tcp-and-udp | | Wireless Principles — 802.11 standards, CSMA/CA, non-overlapping channels | chapter-1---network-fundamentals/wireless-principles | | Virtualization Fundamentals — Type 1/2 hypervisors, VRF, cloud models | chapter-1---network-fundamentals/virtualization-fundamentals | | Network Components — routers, switches, firewalls, APs, endpoints | chapter-1---network-fundamentals/network-components | | Network Topologies — star, mesh, hybrid, spine-leaf | chapter-1---network-fundamentals/network-topologies | | Physical Interfaces and Cabling — copper, fiber, SFP, PoE | chapter-1---network-fundamentals/physical-interfaces-and-cabling | | IPv6 Addressing — global unicast, link-local, EUI-64, multicast | chapter-1---network-fundamentals/ipv6-addressing | | IP Parameters for Client OS — Windows/Mac/Linux IP config verification | chapter-1---network-fundamentals/ip-parameters-client-os |

Priority: OSI model, subnetting, and switching concepts are tested most heavily.

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